di Flavio Felice

Abstract: starting with Sergio Cotta’s reflections, the article dwells on some aspects of the relationship between philosophy of peace and philosophy of war, taking as its central theme the concept of tranquillitas ordinis. The author introduces the two currents identified by Cotta as the matrices of a possible «great philosophy of war»: MachiavelliHobbes-Spinosa and Humboldt-Hegel-Gentile, both expressions of modern anthropology, and the Augustine-Erasmus-Leibniz line that would underlie a «great philosophy of peace». Finally, the author presents the peculiar position of St. Augustine, introducing the notion of tranquillitas ordinis, as a dynamic concept and indispensable device in order to be able to give rise to an institutional system in which it is possible to live in peace in positive terms and not as a mere absence of war.

Keywords: Peace – War – Polemos – Tranquillitas ordinis

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di Rosanna Marsala

Abstract: over the centuries, almost all political thinkers have been interested in the various forms of legitimisation of power and the consequent relationship between rulers and ruled. The paradigm of consensus, which, as it is well known, concerns any form of constituted power, takes on a particular significance when referring to the democratic system, at the basis of which is the assumption that it legitimises itself from the bottom up. Issues such as popular sovereignty, the control of political power and its limits, parties, public opinion – elements of intermediation between society and the state –were at the centre of the debate that began with the French Revolution. The paper aims to compare three authoritative exponents of political thought of Christian inspiration, Antonio Rosmini (1797-1855) Luigi Sturzo (1871-1959) and Jacques Maritain (1882-1973) who, with different nuances, elaborated theories and expressed criticisms on the ways of legitimising the political regime. And, certainly, they contributed, each for their part, to the genesis and development of a Christian concept of democracy.

Keywords: consensus – people – Rosmini – Sturzo – Maritain

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